In brackets — gen. sg. and nom. pl. forms; “=” means the form matches nom. sg.
| Word | Forms | Gender | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| veður | (-s, =; with art. veðrið) | n | weather |
| stig | (-s, =) | n | degree |
| gráða | (-u, -ur) | f | degree (less common) |
| hitastig | (-s, =) | n | temperature |
| frost | (-s, =) | n | frost; sub-zero temperature |
| hiti | (-a, -ar) | m | heat; above-zero temperature |
| hlýja | (-u, -ur) | f | warmth |
| kuldi | (-a, -ar) | m | cold |
| svali | m | coolness |
| Word | Forms | Gender | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| vetur | (vetrar, vetur) | m | winter |
| vor | (-s, =) | n | spring |
| sumar | (-s, sumur) | n | summer |
| haust | (-s, =) | n | autumn |
| Word | Forms | Gender | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| himinn | (-ins, -nar) | m | sky |
| ský | (-s, =) | n | cloud |
| sól | (-ar, -ir; usually with art. sólin) | f | sun |
| snjór | (snjós, snjóar) | m | snow |
| rigning | (-ar, -ar; dat/acc sg. -u) | f | rain |
| él | (-s, =) | n | brief snowstorm, flurry; (less often) hail |
| hagl | (-s, högl); also haglél n | n | hail (heavy hail) |
| hálka | (-u, -ur) | f | icy roads, glaze ice |
| slydda | (-u, -ur) | f | sleet, wet snow |
| rok | (-s, =) | n | gale, storm |
| sólskin | (-s, =) | n | sunshine |
| þoka | (-u, -ur) | f | fog |
| vindur | (-s, -ar) | m | wind |
| úrkoma | (-u; sg. only) | f | precipitation |
Adjectives are given in three genders (m, f, n); verbs — in impersonal constructions with hann/það.
| masc. | fem. | neut. | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| hlýr | hlý | hlýtt | warm |
| heitur | heit | heitt | hot |
| kaldur | köld | kalt | cold |
| svalur | svöl | svalt | cool |
| bjartur | björt | bjart | clear; bright (of daylight/night light) |
| heiðskír (declined like stór) | clear (of the sky) | ||
| skýjaður | skýjuð | skýjað | cloudy |
| dimmur | dimm | dimmt | dark (of daylight/night light) |
| háll | hál | hált | slippery (of ice) |
| Verb | Present | Past | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| skína (strong) | það skín | það skein | to shine |
| blása (strong) | það blæs | það blés | to blow: vindurinn blæs / það blæs vindurinn |
| rigna | hann [það] rignir | hann [það] rigndi [riŋdi] | it rains / it rained |
| snjóa | hann [það] snjóar | hann [það] snjóaði | it snows / it snowed |
Degrees are counted in the genitive: “a frost of two degrees”.
| Hvernig er veðrið í dag? | What's the weather like today? |
| Hvernig/hvað er hitastigið? | What's the temperature? |
| frostmark n. | the freezing point of water = 0° |
| Number | Genitive |
|---|---|
| 1 | eins (m/n), einnar (f) |
| 2 | tveggja |
| 3 | þriggja |
| 4 | fjögurra |
| Temperature | In Icelandic |
|---|---|
| +1° | Það er eins stigs hiti |
| −2° | Það er tveggja stiga frost |
| +13° | Það er þrettán stiga hiti |
| −21° | Það er tuttugu og eins stigs frost |
| 0° | núll stig, við frostmark |